How to Become a Judges, Magistrate Judges, and Magistrate in 2026

    Median salary: $156,210 · +2.5% projected growth (2024–2034)

    O*NET Code: 23-1023.00 · Data from O*NET & BLS · Updated March 2026
    Median Salary
    $156,210
    annual wage
    Job Growth
    +2.5%
    projected 2024–2034
    Education
    Doctoral or professional degree
    typical entry
    AI Exposure
    68/100
    exposure score
    Section 01

    What does a Judges, Magistrate Judges, and Magistrate do?

    Arbitrate, advise, adjudicate, or administer justice in a court of law. May sentence defendant in criminal cases according to government statutes or sentencing guidelines. May determine liability of defendant in civil cases. May perform wedding ceremonies.

    Section 02

    Judges, Magistrate Judges, and Magistrate Salary in 2026

    The median annual salary for Judges, Magistrate Judges, and Magistrates is $156,210. The bottom 10% earn around $46,520 while the top 10% earn over $216,540.

    Experience levelAnnual salary
    Entry-level (P10)$46,520
    Early career (P25)$86,060
    Median$156,210
    Experienced (P75)$189,890
    Top earners (P90)$216,540
    10th: $46,520Median: $156,21090th: $216,540

    Highest-paying metros

    Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH
    Highest paying
    $221,710
    top metro salary
    Massachusetts
    $221,710
    $0 vs highest
    Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN
    $218,190
    $-3,520 vs highest
    Connecticut
    $211,420
    $-10,290 vs highest
    Hawaii
    $203,290
    $-18,420 vs highest
    Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD
    $200,150
    $-21,560 vs highest
    New Jersey
    $200,150
    $-21,560 vs highest
    Nebraska
    $196,390
    $-25,320 vs highest

    Judges, Magistrate Judges, and Magistrate salary by state

    StateMedian salary
    Massachusettstop$221,710
    Connecticut$211,420
    Hawaii$203,290
    New Jersey$200,150
    Nebraska$196,390
    Arkansas$192,910
    Colorado$191,640
    New York$189,890
    Minnesota$182,790
    Maryland$181,320
    Tennessee$178,730
    Indiana$177,180
    Oregon$174,100
    Alaska$168,880
    New Mexico$164,340
    Maine$156,770
    Missouri$156,210
    Kansas$148,910
    Vermont$141,080
    Texas$139,990
    Kentucky$138,620
    Washington$131,740
    Georgia$131,670
    Delaware$126,700
    Utah$123,640
    Nevada$118,690
    Virginia$104,000
    Ohio$97,260
    South Carolina$84,270
    Wisconsin$83,620
    Louisiana$70,610
    Montana$63,260
    West Virginia$63,240
    Michigan$51,250
    Alabama$50,950
    Mississippi$49,900

    How to earn more as a Judges, Magistrate Judges, and Magistrate

    The salary range for Judges, Magistrate Judges, and Magistrates spans $170,020 — from $46,520 at entry level to $216,540 for top earners. The highest-paying metro area is Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH at $221,710 — $65,500 above the national median. An advanced credential — such as a graduate degree or specialized certification — is consistently associated with higher earnings in this field.

    Section 03

    How to get there

    Typical education: Doctoral or professional degree
    Work experience: 5 years or more
    On-the-job training: Short-term on-the-job training

    Starting from high school

    1. Complete a doctoral or professional degree program (4–6 years undergrad + 2–4 years graduate)
    2. Pursue internships and co-op experiences during your studies
    3. 5 years or more
    4. Short-term on-the-job training
    5. Advance into full professional role after meeting experience requirements

    Choose an accredited program with strong industry connections and internship placement rates. Look for schools that offer co-op programs where you alternate between study and paid work. Many employers recruit directly from university programs, so networking and career fairs are valuable. Consider the total return on investment — schools with lower tuition but strong placement rates often outperform expensive programs.

    6–10+ years (education + experience) $50K–$200K+

    Graduate assistantships, fellowships, and employer sponsorship can significantly reduce costs. Research public university options.

    With a related degree

    1. Complete additional coursework or a certificate program in the specialization
    2. Earn professional certifications (industry-recognized certifications)
    3. 5 years or more
    4. Position yourself for the role using your combined education and experience

    Your existing degree covers many foundational requirements. Focus on the gap — often 3–6 specialized courses plus a certification or two. Many universities offer post-baccalaureate certificates that take 1–2 semesters. Online programs from accredited universities provide flexibility for working professionals.

    1–3 years $5K–$30K

    Certificate programs and individual courses are much cheaper than a second degree. Many employers offer tuition reimbursement for career-relevant education.

    Career change from another field

    1. Enroll in a graduate program in the field
    2. Earn required professional certifications
    3. Short-term on-the-job training
    4. Leverage your previous career skills for a differentiated profile

    Career changers bring valuable perspective — employers increasingly value diverse backgrounds. Look for accelerated programs designed for career changers (many fields now offer 12–18 month intensive programs). Your prior professional experience in areas like project management, communication, and leadership transfer directly and can accelerate your advancement once you enter the field.

    4–8 years $30K–$150K

    Career change scholarship programs exist in many fields. Some employers offer sign-on bonuses or student loan repayment assistance for in-demand specializations.

    Already working in another career?

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    Section 06

    AI and automation outlook

    68/100

    The Judges, Magistrate Judges, and Magistrate role has a high AI exposure score. Significant parts of this role are automatable. Focus on the human-centric aspects that AI can't replicate.

    See full AI risk breakdown
    Section 07

    Related careers to consider

    Based on skill overlap analysis — these occupations share core competencies with Judges, Magistrate Judges, and Magistrate.

    Get your personalized Judges, Magistrate Judges, and Magistrate transition plan

    Includes step-by-step roadmap, skill gap analysis, financial feasibility, and salary comparison by city. Takes 2 minutes.

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    Step-by-step roadmap Skill gap breakdown Financial feasibility Salary by city
    Section 08

    Frequently asked questions

    SOC: 23-1023.00 · Data: O*NET 29.1, BLS OEWS 2024, BLS Employment Projections 2024–2034